Catalysis and Mechanistic Insights in Contemporary Organic Chemistry

Abstract

The current state of organic chemistry is based on the principles of catalysis and mechanistic knowledge, which allow performing efficient, selective, and sustainable transformations. In this review, recent progress in transition metal catalysis, organocatalysis, photoredox catalysis, and bio-inspired systems is highlighted, with a focus on how transition metal catalysis, organocatalysis, photoredox catalysis, and bio-inspired systems are guided by mechanistic knowledge in reaction design, optimization, and substrate scope. Kinetic analysis, spectroscopy, and computational modeling techniques are important in order to gain critical information about intermediates, transition states, and reaction pathways; hence, to develop rational catalysts. The issues of catalyst stability, mechanistic complexity and scalability are addressed, as well as the new trends in AI-driven prediction and green chemistry. Combining catalysis with mechanistic information is still broadening the horizons of present-day organic synthesis.